For fishes or shrimp
Food ( for fishes and shrimp)
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Very little food is required, do not overfeed your pet! each fish will need as little as few little piece of food and one piece per shrimp per day will be enough.
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Give your fishes around 1 min to have their meal, if they are still food leftover after 1 min, consider feed them fewer next time.
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Usually, one meal per day is all they need(or two small meal) and usually it's ok if you forgot to feed them 1 or 2 days ( actually they may still alive for a week but this is usually not that good for them. think of it as a normal human.
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Water:
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you need to prepare your water before you change your tank's water.
Taps water use have chemical into which is to remove bacteria. The chemical amount is consider safe for human but not so for small fishes like your pet, you can either 1put water into an empty bottle over 1 or 2 night or 2) put down some "water conditioner" in it
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I highly recommend using method 1, it's save money but also every easy once you get use to it, simply fill up the empty bottle after you change your water and it's good to be used for next time changing.
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Change water 1 time per week is all you need, you don't need a filter or complex tool to do it, just follow the product page recommended amount of fishes per tank. you can change the water by moving your tank to your kitchen, and then simply pour new prepared water into it and let it overflow
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of course you may still choice to use a small pump to do it manually, the choice is yours
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Air:
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Depending of your aquarium, you can put down enough plant to give your pet enough oxygen, if you want to be safe, or if you don't want to have any plants, you may use a air pump, even the most basic one will do the work,
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For Plants
Plants take most of their food from water and soil.
In Hong Kong, the Tap water doesn't have a lot of mineral in it (soft water), but we will pick plant which doesn't require a lot of mineral so all you need is to make water change will do
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if your fishes or shrimp, their "poo" will provide food for the plants but if not, you can down few liquid fertilizer in it.
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Like all plants, they need sunlight, but not all of the plant need the same amount of sunlight. However, some amount of light is required for healthy growth, either it's sunlight or in door light.
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Summary
Ideally, it's the best to have an aquarium which has fishes/shrimp along of plants, they interact with each other in various ways which benefit them both, however, it's NOT a must.
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basically for tank which has fishes/shrimp, you would need to feed, water changing and that's it
and for tank with plants, you would need to have some light, water change and liquid fertilizer